Mezuzah: Small Gold Plated (about 4 1/2 inches long). Mezuzah means "doorpost". It is a piece of parchment usually contained in a decorative case inscribed with Hebrew verses from the Torah (Deuteronomy 6:4-9 and 11:13-21). These verses contain the Shema "Hear, O Israel, the LORD our God, the LORD is One"
"A mezuzah is affixed to the doorframe in Jewish homes to fulfill the mitzvah (Biblical commandment) to inscribe the words of the Shema "on the doorposts of your house" (Deuteronomy 6:9). The parchment is prepared by a qualified scribe (a "sofer stam") who has undergone many years of meticulous training, and the verses are written in black indelible ink with a special quill pen. The parchment is then rolled up and placed inside the case.
According to halakha, the mezuzah should be placed on the right side of the door or doorpost, in the upper third of the doorpost (i.e., approximately shoulder height),[2] within approximately 3 inches (8 cm) of the doorway opening."Wikipedia.