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Homeschool:
English

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I. Introduction to language

There are three major groups of languages from which all other languages have originated, except Sumerian. They are named after the three sons of Noah, Japheth, Shem, and Ham (Genesis 10:1). 

1. Japhetic-Indo-European.
   1. Germanic. English is West Germanic
   2. Celtic.
   3. Italic-Latin from which the 5 Romance languages have originated.
      1. Italian
      2. Spanish
      3. French
      4. Portuguese
      5. Romanian
   4. Hellenic-Greek.
      1. Doric
      2. Aeolic
      3. Mycenaean
      4. Attic-Ionic (Greek- Classical and   Koine - New Testament). 
   5. Anatolian-Hittite.
   6. Armenian.
   7. Balto-Slavic.
   8. Indo-Iranian.
      1. Iranic-Persian
      2. Indic-Sanskrit
2. Hamitic
3. Semitic
   1. North Semitic.
      1. Aramaic.
      2. Amorite.
   2. North-West Semitic.
      1. Hebrew.
      2. Canaanite-Ugaritic.
      3. Moabite.
      4. Phoenician.
   3. East Semitic.
      1. Akkadian.
   4. South Semitic.
      1. Arabic.
      2. Ethiopic.

II. History of the English Language.

1. Old English 499-1100 AD.
   
   Matthew 6:9 "faeder ure bu be eart on heofonum, Si bin nama gehalgod."

2. Middle English 1100-1500 AD.
   
   Matthew 6:9 "Oure fadir that art in heuenes , halewind be thi name."

3. Early Modern English 1500-1800 AD.
   
   Matthew 6:9 "Our father which art in heauen, hallowed be thy name." 

4. Modern English 1800-Today. 

III. English language. The 8 parts of speech. 

1. Noun - a person, place, thing, or idea. 
   1. Subjective-Nominative case subject of sentence, doing the action.
   2. Objective case- noun receiving the action of the verb.
   3. Possessive case - showing ownership.
      1. Singular add 's or ' if ending in s.
      2. Plural add s'.
2. Pronoun - takes the place of a noun.
   1. Subjective case pronouns

      	Singular	Plural
      First Person	I	we
      Second Person	you	you
      Third Person	he, she, it	they

      
      
   2. Objective case pronouns

      	Singular	Plural
      First Person	me	us
      Second Person	you	you
      Third Person	him, her, it	them

      
      
   3. Possessive Case pronouns

      	Singular	Plural
      First Person	my, mine	our, ours
      Second Person	your, yours	your, yours
      Third Person	his, her, hers, its	their, theirs

      
      
   4. Demonstrative Pronouns

      	Singular	Plural
      Near	this	these
      Far	that	those

      
      
3. Adjective - describes a noun.
4. Verb - shows action, or state of being.
5. Adverb - adds to the verb, never to a noun. Many end in -ly. 
6. Conjunction - connect words and phrases like and, but, or, nor. 
7. Preposition - shows position or relationship of an object.
8. Interjection - Oh!  

Vocabulary

Many of our English words come from ancient languages. Below is a helpful chart. Can you think of other examples?

Number	Greek	Example	Latin	Example
one	mono,mon	monograph	uni	unicycle
two	di,du	dual	du,bi	bicycle
three	tri	tricycle	tri	trinity
four	tetro	tetrahedron	quad	quarter
five	penta	pentagon	quin	quintuplets
six	hex	hexagon	sex	sextet
seven	hept	heptagon	sept	September
eight	oct	octopus	oct	octagon
nine	enne	ennead	nov	November
ten	dec	decimal	DEC	decade

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